Add - Sensor Settings

[brentru]

This pull request allows users to select options such as gain, oversampling, measurement rate, power mode, etc. a new settings field has been added to the device definition schema.

Spec
PLZ see the Protobuf PR for the Specification ": adafruit/Wippersnapper_Protobuf#197

Schema and Definition Enhancements:

• Schema update to support device settings:
  • Added a setting definition and a top-level settings array to components/expanders/schema.json, specifying the structure for configurable device settings (e.g., name, display name, options, default) and ensuring validation across all supported components. [1] [2]

Component Definition Updates:

• Added settings to I2C sensor definitions:

  • Introduced device-specific settings (such as gain, oversampling, measurement rate, filter, mode, etc.) to the following sensor definition files: apds9999, bme280, bme680, bme688, bmp280, bmp388, bmp390, bmp580, bmp581, bmp585, ens160, ina219, ltr303, ltr329, and max44009. Each device now exposes relevant configuration options for end-user selection. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15]

• Added settings to expander definitions:

  • Added a gain setting to both the ads1015 and ads1115 expander definitions, allowing users to select the programmable gain amplifier setting. [1] [2]

[lorennorman]

this is great, very helpful to see how this will be used across many components

[brentru]

@tyeth Could you please review this PR?